Called "hyacinth stone" in Japan, zircon is the December birthstone and symbolizes success. Zircon is a naturally occurring mineral composed of zirconium silicate, which is by far the oldest mineral found on Earth, with some zircon crystals found in Australia estimated to be over 4.4 billion years old.
[Introduction to zircon].
Alias: Zircon, Hyacinthite
Chemical formula: ZrSiO₄
Transparency: transparent to translucent
Hardness: 7.5-8
Specific gravity: 4.4-4.8
Crystal system: tetragonal
Luster: glassy to adamantine luster, greasy luster at fracture
Refractive index: 1.91~1.96
Birefringence: 0.002-0.059
Output: Zircon is widely found in acidic igneous rocks, and is also produced in metamorphic rocks and other sediments.
[Origin].
Well-known sources include southern Norway and the Russian Urals. Zircon is also often enriched in alluvial ores. The world's important gem-quality zircons are found in Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand. Gem-quality zircon is also found in the alkaline basalts of eastern China.
[Color].
Zircon comes in many different colors, including colorless and transparent, red, yellow, orange, blue, brown, green, etc. This is due to the presence of various impurities in the zircon during its formation. Colorless zircons are known for their brilliance and colorful fire, and when cut, gem-quality colorless zircons resemble diamonds in their sparkle and shine.
[Zircon Optimization and Treatment]
Among the commonly used zircon, blue is the most valuable. Zircon is often heat-treated to improve its quality or to change its color, resulting in blue, green, yellow, orange-red, and so on. Since no other substances are added to zircon during the optimization process, it is still considered a natural stone in jewelry appraisal.
[zircon vs. synthetic cubic zirconia]
Zircon and synthetic cubic zirconia both resemble diamonds and have similar English names. In fact, zircon is a natural gemstone, while cubic zirconia is a laboratory-grown gemstone. There is no similarity between the two in terms of chemistry, optics, data or structure.
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